1 Introduction
Due to the special working environment of coal mine production, the dangers and unsafe factors are more lurking in the production process than in the general industry. As the amount of coal mining continues to increase, safety issues have become increasingly severe, and there have been various mega-accidents that have been seen in the media. All of this has warned of the grim situation of coal mine safety production and the necessity and urgency of improving coal mine safety production. At the same time of the rapid development of computer, Internet and communication technologies, the application of GIS-based monitoring system has become an important means of real-time monitoring of coal mine safety. The GIS coal mine safety real-time monitoring system can automatically display various data such as gas concentration, air volume and equipment status measured by the sensor in the electronic map. Combined with the underground personnel positioning system, the position of the underground workers can also be displayed in the electronic. On the map. System data transmission is based on computer networks such as local area networks and the Internet. In today's rapid development of computer technology and mobile communication technology, various monitoring data information is transmitted to the monitoring center in real time through the communication network and transmitted to the responsible person at regular intervals, so that the relevant responsible persons can know the coal mine safety situation at any time and any place. It will greatly promote the safety production management of coal mines. At the same time, for remote mines, it is necessary and practical to use mobile communication wireless transmission when computer network resources are limited.
2. The composition and working principle of the system
2.1 system composition
The ARM-based GIS coal mine safety real-time monitoring system mainly includes three parts: mine end, GSM communication network, and GIS monitoring center.
The mine end mainly includes a GPS module, a GSM module and an ARM control module. The GPS module and the GSM module realize positioning and wireless transmission; the ARM control module realizes data acquisition and data processing, and is the main module of the mine end. It is an ARM embedded device that the staff carries with him. This device can be shared by several people. As long as the fingerprint verification and related personal information are input before going down to work, the GIS center database can accurately record the downhole staff. As a data acquisition and processing control module, the core function is to continuously obtain the position information of the underground workers and the gas concentration, wind speed and other parameter values, and send the information to the GIS monitoring center through the GSM communication network, and can receive the monitoring center at any time. Dispatch command.
The GSM communication network is used to complete the information transmission between the mine end and the GIS monitoring and dispatching center, and adopts the SMS short message service of the existing GSM mobile information system.
The GIS monitoring center is the core of the whole system. It is based on the GIS intelligent monitoring and management center. It can display the position, gas concentration or equipment status of the underground personnel at any time, and control the corresponding equipment according to the data information (man-made or automatic). .
2.2 System working principle
The mine end first collects the dynamic position (longitude, latitude, altitude), time, state, and environmental information such as gas concentration, wind speed, temperature, etc. of the underground workers in real time, and then the data processing module and the control module perform data processing, and then pass the GSM module. The information is transmitted to the GIS monitoring center through the GSM mobile communication network in real time, and the temperature, wind speed, pressure and gas concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, etc. of the staff and the location are carried out on the electronic map with powerful geographic information processing and inquiry functions. Accurate positioning and display of various parameters, to achieve monitoring and query of these parameters, when a certain parameter exceeds the determined safety value, the alarm is sent, and the monitoring center sends various monitoring and dispatching signals to the mine through the GPS mobile communication network. Eliminate all kinds of hidden dangers and ensure the safe production of coal mines.
3. Design of mine end hardware
3.1 GPS module
The GPS module is mainly used for positioning, and receives the GPS satellite signal to calculate the location of the person to be located. The GPS module consists of a frequency converter, a signal channel, and an ARM chip. The GPS module sends the positioning personnel coordinates to the main controller through the serial port; the GPS module needs to be equipped with a special GPS antenna to receive the GPS satellite signals. Generally, it is necessary to receive more than three GPS satellite signals in order to perform accurate positioning. For convenience, the GPS module is designed to be mounted on the helmet of the downhole personnel.
Taking into account the actual situation of most coal mines, the GPS module uses GARMIN's GPS25LP.
3.2 GSM module
The communication between the underground personnel and the monitoring center is realized by the GSM module. In the coal mine real-time monitoring system, the short message service of the GSM mobile communication system is used for communication, and the short message service belongs to the GSM digital mobile communication system telecommunication service, which has any time. Online, no dialing, low price, wide coverage, etc., especially suitable for applications that need to transmit small flow data frequently. This module is designed with SIEMENS TC35i wireless GSM module.
3.3 ARM control module
The ARM control module is the core control component of the mine. It is an embedded system based on ARM processor. Its main function is to perform data processing and control the components of the mine end to perform corresponding operations according to the requirements of the communication protocol. The system includes CPU memory, I/O interfaces, and various control logic circuits. The first job of module design is to choose the embedded processor. What kind of embedded processor core to use in a system depends mainly on the application domain, user needs, cost, ease of development and other factors. After determining which embedded processor core to use, the next step is to select a suitable processor based on the actual situation and consider the requirements of the system peripherals. Combined with the actual situation of coal mines, the AT91R40008 microprocessor was selected. The processor is based on a branch of the processor core 16/32-bit microprocessor family, featuring a high-performance 32-bit architecture with a high-density 16-bit instruction set and low power consumption. Combined with on-chip high-speed memory and multiple peripheral functions on a single microprocessor, it provides a flexible, low-cost solution for a wide range of computer embedded control applications.
After each component module is determined, each module and device are connected with the ARM embedded system development board by using corresponding communication cables. According to the actual situation, a small number of peripheral devices and power modules can be used to construct a hardware platform for the mine. System integration at the end. The relationship between the modules is shown in Figure 1.
4. Software design at the mine end
In the mine end, the acquisition of location information, the sending and receiving of short messages, the processing of internal data, and the driving of peripheral control devices are all under the unified control of the ARM chip, which requires necessary programming of the embedded system. The system is based on the μClinux operating system and is programmed in C language.
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