The concept of a narrowband network is straightforward: it refers to data transmission that doesn't require a broadband connection, thus offering a much smaller coverage area. Utilizing NB-IoT networks not only ensures reliable data transmission but also significantly reduces power consumption, making it the top choice for Internet of Things (IoT) applications.
With the frequent introduction of IoT-related policies, 2017 marked the first year of large-scale commercial deployment of NB-IoT. This period signaled a new era of rapid development for the industry. Among the three major telecom operators in China, China Telecom has taken the lead in NB-IoT network construction. Meanwhile, both China Unicom and China Mobile have set plans to complete their NB-IoT network coverage by the end of the year.
**Frequent IoT Policies**
Globally, the Internet of Things is still in its early stages of development, yet it has made significant progress in certain areas. From technological innovation to industrial application, the IoT shows great potential. As a comprehensive integration of advanced information technology, the IoT demonstrates strong penetration, significant driving force, and broad benefits.
The State Council has placed high importance on the development of the IoT. In recent years, it has issued several instructions aimed at promoting the orderly and healthy growth of the IoT sector. These directives call on departments such as the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology to develop targeted and practical policies and measures. The implementation of these policies will guide and regulate the industry, promote IoT applications, and ensure sustainable development.
On June 16, 2017, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology released a notice titled “Notice on Comprehensively Promoting the Construction and Development of Mobile Internet of Things (NB-IoT).†It outlined that by 2017, the number of NB-IoT base stations would reach 400,000, supporting over 20 million M2M connections. By 2020, the number of base stations was expected to increase to 1.5 million, with more than 600 million total connections.
**NB-IoT Enters Its First Year of Large-Scale Commercial Use**
In 2017, NB-IoT officially entered its first year of large-scale commercialization. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology approved commercial licenses for NB-IoT deployment across multiple frequency bands, including 900/800/1800/2100MHz. According to the plan, China aims to build 1.5 million NB-IoT base stations by 2020. Each of the three major operators has started building commercial NB-IoT networks tailored to their own resources, marking a phase of rapid industry growth.
China Mobile, with its abundant spectrum resources in the GSM900 band (90–909MHz/935–954MHz), has a wide range of operational flexibility. It is expected that reusing the 900MHz band will be the best strategy for deploying NB-IoT.
In 2016, China Telecom received the 800MHz frequency band from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and quickly launched its re-cultivation project. It built a high-quality 4G network with rural coverage and deep urban penetration, while also introducing NB-IoT services. The 800MHz band became its preferred choice for NB-IoT deployment.
China Unicom, however, faces limitations due to its restricted 900MHz spectrum. To overcome this, it plans to adopt a dual-band approach using 900MHz and 1800MHz for NB-IoT deployment.
Among the three major operators, China Telecom currently leads in NB-IoT network construction. As of June, it had completed 800MHz NB-IoT network coverage and announced the commercial launch of its NB-IoT network in several cities. Meanwhile, both China Unicom and China Mobile are working to complete their NB-IoT network coverage by the end of the year.
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