With the increasing shortage of energy, the use of natural energy has become the focus of attention. In all kinds of natural energy, the endless solar energy is favored by its ubiquitous advantages.
In fact, all the energy on Earth comes from the sun. Coal and oil production, plant growth, water and wind movements. However, due to the dispersion and instability of solar energy, direct use of solar energy is not easy. In recent years, with the shortage of energy and the improvement of solar energy utilization technology, direct use of solar energy has become a reality.
There are many ways to use sunlight, and using silicon photovoltaic cells is one of the most convenient ways to use electricity. At present, the main application field of silicon photovoltaic power generation is to solve the lighting problem in power-hungry areas.
In sunny summer sunshine, less than 1,000 watts per square meter of sunlight can be seen. Although solar energy is huge, it is very scattered. The commercialized silicon solar panel has an optical/electric conversion efficiency of about 14%, and the price is also high. Therefore, solar energy is generally used for low-power power generation. Since the power generation is small, the power consumption cannot be too high. To achieve a good lighting effect with a small electric input power, the luminous efficiency of the illumination Light Source is very important. At low power, traditional light sources have low light efficiency and are not suitable for use in solar lighting systems. In recent years, semiconductor light-emitting diode technology has been continuously improved, has become a new type of lighting source, low-power lighting applications, high light efficiency, with solar panels and batteries composed of solar led lighting system has obvious advantages.
The complete solar lighting system consists of the following five parts:
1, solar panels
Solar panels are used to produce electricity in the presence of sunlight. The power generated is calculated based on the power and lighting time of the lighting. If the power of the lighting fixture is 2 watts, and the continuous lighting time is required to be 10 hours without sunlight, then the conversion loss of the conversion circuit should be considered. The power generated by the solar panel must be about 3 watts.
2, battery
The role of the battery is to store the electricity from the solar cells when there is sunlight, for use when there is no sunlight. The capacity of the battery depends on the power of the solar panel, the power of the LED lamp, and the lighting time. Such as with 2 watts of LED lights, 3 watts of solar panels, without the sun requires continuous lighting time of 10 hours, optional 12V/2.2AH battery.
3, solar charging control circuit
The function of this part of the circuit is to control the degree of charging when there is sufficient sunlight and long illumination time. The charging of the battery is stopped, and the battery is not overcharged to protect the battery and prolong its service life.
4, LED driver
This is the core control circuit of the system. It has three functions:
1. The constant current drive control of the light emitting diode is completed so that the current flowing through the light emitting tube does not change with the voltage of the battery.
2. With light control function, it will automatically turn off the light when it is on, and turn on the light automatically when it is dark.
3, low voltage protection. When the battery voltage drops to 10.8 volts, the output turns off to avoid overdischarging damage to the battery.
5, LED lighting
Light-emitting diodes have relatively high luminous efficiency at low power. With a good light-emitting diode as a semiconductor lamp, a brightness of about 2 watts is good. A 2-watt semiconductor lamp can be made up of two 1 watt high-power light-emitting diodes in series. After using 40 low-power light emitting diodes 2 in series and then 20 series parallel connections, a low-power light emitting diode series/parallel connection is used as a semiconductor lamp to connect a 10Ω resistor in series in each string to equalize the current between the strings. At present, the cost of using a low-power LED as a semiconductor lamp is relatively low. When manufacturing a semiconductor lamp, the LED driver is housed inside the lamp body.
The system uses two 1 watt high-power LEDs to meet the small-scale lighting requirements.
The DP-12M LED driver used in the system's LED lamp has been packaged as a sealed curing module with a volume of 30x24x15mm, which is suitable for installation inside a semiconductor lamp. The module has 5 leads, the red line connects the positive pole of the battery, the black line connects the negative pole of the battery, the yellow line connects the positive pole of the luminous tube, the white line connects the negative pole of the luminous tube, the blue line is the control line and then the solar panel.
The SUN-300 used in the system is a 300 mA solar charge controller and is also packaged as a curing module. The module has three leads. The orange wire connects to the positive pole of the solar panel, the red wire connects to the positive pole of the battery, and the black wire is the common ground wire. The negative side of the battery board and battery. Same volume as DP-12M drive.
Three-watt solar panels and 12V/2.2AH lead-acid batteries are used for power generation and storage.
When there is sunlight, the solar panel charges the battery through the SUN-300, and the light control function of the LED driver module DP-12M turns off the lamp. When the battery is full, the charge control circuit stops charging. When there is no sunlight, the lamp will light automatically under the control of the DP-12M. If continuous lighting makes the battery voltage as low as 10.8V, the low-voltage protection function inside the DP-12M automatically turns off the lamp to protect the battery from over-discharge. Therefore, this is an unattended automatic solar lighting system. If the LED lamp is to be used indoors, the blue line of the driver is left unconnected to cancel the light control function, and a control switch can be added to the lamp.
The production of such small-power semiconductor lamps for indoor use is generally based on the small-capacity battery and LED light-emitting diodes, DP-12M light-emitting diode drivers are placed inside the lamp body to make integrated lamps, solar cells can be placed in outdoor use In the lamp body behind the formation of a fully integrated structure of solar lights.
The use of high-power batteries can be external, each battery can bring more than one LED semiconductor lamp with controller, solar panels and charge controllers must also increase power. Therefore, practical applications can be based on the need to form a variety of practical forms and various power applications to meet a variety of lighting needs.
When manufacturing a semiconductor lamp, it is necessary to solve the problem of heat dissipation of the light emitting diode. The fact that the light emitting diode is a cold light source merely means that the light emitting body of the light emitting diode is not a glowing body, but the resistance heat generated when the current flows through the semiconductor material will cause the light emitting tube to heat up, while the light emitting diode made of a semiconductor material is not resistant to high temperatures and is overheated. Will make it quickly aging, shorten the service life. When using a low-power LED as a semiconductor lamp, the tube pitch can be increased to increase the heat dissipation area.
When high-power LED is used as a semiconductor lamp, heat sinks exposed in the air must be added, or heat is dissipated in the metal housing. In short, the heat dissipation of the lamp body should be used as much as possible to reduce the operating temperature of the LED, so that the semiconductor lamp can be truly realized. long life.
In fact, all the energy on Earth comes from the sun. Coal and oil production, plant growth, water and wind movements. However, due to the dispersion and instability of solar energy, direct use of solar energy is not easy. In recent years, with the shortage of energy and the improvement of solar energy utilization technology, direct use of solar energy has become a reality.
There are many ways to use sunlight, and using silicon photovoltaic cells is one of the most convenient ways to use electricity. At present, the main application field of silicon photovoltaic power generation is to solve the lighting problem in power-hungry areas.
In sunny summer sunshine, less than 1,000 watts per square meter of sunlight can be seen. Although solar energy is huge, it is very scattered. The commercialized silicon solar panel has an optical/electric conversion efficiency of about 14%, and the price is also high. Therefore, solar energy is generally used for low-power power generation. Since the power generation is small, the power consumption cannot be too high. To achieve a good lighting effect with a small electric input power, the luminous efficiency of the illumination Light Source is very important. At low power, traditional light sources have low light efficiency and are not suitable for use in solar lighting systems. In recent years, semiconductor light-emitting diode technology has been continuously improved, has become a new type of lighting source, low-power lighting applications, high light efficiency, with solar panels and batteries composed of solar led lighting system has obvious advantages.
The complete solar lighting system consists of the following five parts:
1, solar panels
Solar panels are used to produce electricity in the presence of sunlight. The power generated is calculated based on the power and lighting time of the lighting. If the power of the lighting fixture is 2 watts, and the continuous lighting time is required to be 10 hours without sunlight, then the conversion loss of the conversion circuit should be considered. The power generated by the solar panel must be about 3 watts.
2, battery
The role of the battery is to store the electricity from the solar cells when there is sunlight, for use when there is no sunlight. The capacity of the battery depends on the power of the solar panel, the power of the LED lamp, and the lighting time. Such as with 2 watts of LED lights, 3 watts of solar panels, without the sun requires continuous lighting time of 10 hours, optional 12V/2.2AH battery.
3, solar charging control circuit
The function of this part of the circuit is to control the degree of charging when there is sufficient sunlight and long illumination time. The charging of the battery is stopped, and the battery is not overcharged to protect the battery and prolong its service life.
4, LED driver
This is the core control circuit of the system. It has three functions:
1. The constant current drive control of the light emitting diode is completed so that the current flowing through the light emitting tube does not change with the voltage of the battery.
2. With light control function, it will automatically turn off the light when it is on, and turn on the light automatically when it is dark.
3, low voltage protection. When the battery voltage drops to 10.8 volts, the output turns off to avoid overdischarging damage to the battery.
5, LED lighting
Light-emitting diodes have relatively high luminous efficiency at low power. With a good light-emitting diode as a semiconductor lamp, a brightness of about 2 watts is good. A 2-watt semiconductor lamp can be made up of two 1 watt high-power light-emitting diodes in series. After using 40 low-power light emitting diodes 2 in series and then 20 series parallel connections, a low-power light emitting diode series/parallel connection is used as a semiconductor lamp to connect a 10Ω resistor in series in each string to equalize the current between the strings. At present, the cost of using a low-power LED as a semiconductor lamp is relatively low. When manufacturing a semiconductor lamp, the LED driver is housed inside the lamp body.
The system uses two 1 watt high-power LEDs to meet the small-scale lighting requirements.
The DP-12M LED driver used in the system's LED lamp has been packaged as a sealed curing module with a volume of 30x24x15mm, which is suitable for installation inside a semiconductor lamp. The module has 5 leads, the red line connects the positive pole of the battery, the black line connects the negative pole of the battery, the yellow line connects the positive pole of the luminous tube, the white line connects the negative pole of the luminous tube, the blue line is the control line and then the solar panel.
The SUN-300 used in the system is a 300 mA solar charge controller and is also packaged as a curing module. The module has three leads. The orange wire connects to the positive pole of the solar panel, the red wire connects to the positive pole of the battery, and the black wire is the common ground wire. The negative side of the battery board and battery. Same volume as DP-12M drive.
Three-watt solar panels and 12V/2.2AH lead-acid batteries are used for power generation and storage.
When there is sunlight, the solar panel charges the battery through the SUN-300, and the light control function of the LED driver module DP-12M turns off the lamp. When the battery is full, the charge control circuit stops charging. When there is no sunlight, the lamp will light automatically under the control of the DP-12M. If continuous lighting makes the battery voltage as low as 10.8V, the low-voltage protection function inside the DP-12M automatically turns off the lamp to protect the battery from over-discharge. Therefore, this is an unattended automatic solar lighting system. If the LED lamp is to be used indoors, the blue line of the driver is left unconnected to cancel the light control function, and a control switch can be added to the lamp.
The production of such small-power semiconductor lamps for indoor use is generally based on the small-capacity battery and LED light-emitting diodes, DP-12M light-emitting diode drivers are placed inside the lamp body to make integrated lamps, solar cells can be placed in outdoor use In the lamp body behind the formation of a fully integrated structure of solar lights.
The use of high-power batteries can be external, each battery can bring more than one LED semiconductor lamp with controller, solar panels and charge controllers must also increase power. Therefore, practical applications can be based on the need to form a variety of practical forms and various power applications to meet a variety of lighting needs.
When manufacturing a semiconductor lamp, it is necessary to solve the problem of heat dissipation of the light emitting diode. The fact that the light emitting diode is a cold light source merely means that the light emitting body of the light emitting diode is not a glowing body, but the resistance heat generated when the current flows through the semiconductor material will cause the light emitting tube to heat up, while the light emitting diode made of a semiconductor material is not resistant to high temperatures and is overheated. Will make it quickly aging, shorten the service life. When using a low-power LED as a semiconductor lamp, the tube pitch can be increased to increase the heat dissipation area.
When high-power LED is used as a semiconductor lamp, heat sinks exposed in the air must be added, or heat is dissipated in the metal housing. In short, the heat dissipation of the lamp body should be used as much as possible to reduce the operating temperature of the LED, so that the semiconductor lamp can be truly realized. long life.
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