The "Fengyun No. 3 D" satellite marks a significant milestone in China's meteorological satellite program. As the fourth satellite of the second-generation polar-orbiting Fengyun No. 3 series and the 16th in the entire Fengyun constellation, it was launched on November 15, 2017, at 2:35 AM from the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center using the Long March 4C rocket. Alongside it, the "Heide 1" experimental satellite was also deployed, enhancing China's space-based observational capabilities.
Equipped with an advanced infrared hyperspectral atmospheric vertical detector, this satellite utilizes cutting-edge Fourier transform infrared technology. This innovation significantly improves the accuracy of atmospheric temperature and humidity profiling, boosting the effectiveness of medium- and long-term numerical weather prediction by up to two or three days. The enhanced data will support more precise weather forecasting and climate monitoring, benefiting both domestic and international users.
As part of China’s second-generation polar-orbiting satellites, the Fengyun No. 3 D is designed for global, all-weather, multi-spectral, and three-dimensional remote sensing. After successful on-orbit testing, it will become a key operational satellite for low-orbit observation, complementing the Fengyun No. 3 C satellite launched in 2013. Together, they will enhance China's ability to monitor greenhouse gases, space weather, and environmental conditions, supporting broader applications in meteorology, disaster prevention, and ecological protection.
According to Zhang Peng, deputy director of the National Satellite Meteorological Center, the Fengyun No. 3 D is currently the largest satellite in terms of measurement channels, featuring nearly 7,000 channels. This allows for more detailed detection of atmospheric parameters, including low-level dynamics, thermal properties, and high-energy particles, which are critical for improving global weather forecasting and climate change response.
With its advanced capabilities, the Fengyun No. 3 D is set to play a vital role in China's future weather forecasting services and international disaster mitigation efforts. It represents a major step forward in China's space technology and global meteorological contributions.
China has successfully launched 15 Fengyun satellites, with 8 currently in orbit, providing essential Earth observation data for meteorology, agriculture, aviation, and disaster management. These satellites have gained international recognition and are integrated into global systems such as the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). They serve 77 countries and regions, including 37 along the Belt and Road Initiative, offering valuable insights for weather forecasting, climate research, and environmental monitoring.
The development of the Fengyun series has not only strengthened China's global observation capabilities but also boosted its influence in international climate and disaster management initiatives. By improving forecast accuracy and expanding access to satellite data, these missions contribute to sustainable development and global cooperation.
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