In the 30 years of reform and opening up, China's lighting industry has developed rapidly, basically forming a complete industrial chain of production, sales and research. In the building decoration industry, the status of lighting is also constantly improving. Especially in recent years, the concepts of light environment, light space, and light art have attracted more and more attention from the industry in China. At present, a group of lighting designers who are basically separated from the concept of traditional electrical engineers have been formed. Although the group is relatively small, it has begun to become an independent group and has certain influence and voice. Lighting design has also moved away from purely technical aspects, rising to the level of design concepts, and designers have begun to use a variety of techniques to create new lighting art.
National Grand Theater Lighting Design
Although there is still a gap between China's overall lighting design level and foreign countries, as a new industry, China's lighting design has a very broad space for development in the future. How to make China's lighting industry develop steadily and healthily, we need all parties to discuss and discuss countermeasures, starting with basic education, taking policy implementation as the means, and taking industry status as the ultimate goal, so that the lighting industry is getting better. There is less detour in the process.
First, the status quo of China's lighting design
Industry system is not yet sound
In terms of lighting design, because China's lighting design profession started very late, there are not many excellent domestic lighting designers, and there is still a certain gap with the international level. Professional lighting design as an independent profession, its business and service level has not been generally recognized by architects, planners and owners.
Tsinghua University's School of Architecture professor and doctoral tutor Zhan Qingxuan said that China's lighting engineering construction and design system is still not perfect, and the social status of lighting designers needs to be improved. Nowadays, many professional lighting designers have borrowed foreign experience and independently set up lighting design consulting companies to try to get rid of the influence of lighting products and lighting engineering interests, and concentrate on the creation of lighting design products, which is conducive to the development of lighting industry. Although there are indeed many problems in China's lighting design industry, as long as they are targeted at these issues and resolved one by one, the future will certainly go further.
In addition to the fact that the engineering construction and design system has not yet been perfected, the current domestic education system in this area is not satisfactory. Pengcheng Engineering Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. Shanghai Branch, the chief lighting designer, Yang?, said that the lighting design industry has developed rapidly, which is undoubtedly inseparable from the rapid growth in demand for lighting design. However, the lighting design industry is currently not standardized, there is no authoritative professional certification, and there is no systematic education system. This is the most prominent problem. Without authoritative professional certification, the practitioners are mixed and mixed, which is not only bad for the designer's own development, but also brings great trouble to the customers. The lack of a systematic education system directly affects the professionalism of practitioners.
Tang Guoqing, general manager of CREE (China) market development and LED lighting expert, said in an interview that with the continuous addition of new light sources, the development prospects of lighting design will be more and more broad. At the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, water The opening screens such as the cube and the nest have made the world shine. However, it is undeniable that there are still some problems in the current lighting design:
Question 1: Insufficient understanding of new light sources.
Designers tend to focus only on design theory. For the choice of light source, simple replacement, imitation, and counterfeiting are the main things that traditional manufacturers can do. In fact, with the emergence of new light sources such as LEDs, they are light, flexible, energy-saving and environmentally friendly. It should give people a broader and more imaginative design space. Designers should walk out of the ivory tower, and use new light sources should be based on tradition, higher than the traditional.
Question 2: The motivation for learning is insufficient .
It can be said that the design industry always stands at the forefront of the world trend. This requires designers to keep up with the times, and the mastery of the light source must be known ahead of time. But for now, some designers are satisfied with the light source, especially the new light source. However, the enthusiasm for learning the light source itself is not enough, and communication with the light source industry is not enough.
Question 3: Insufficient innovation.
Designers use the new product design ability is not enough, courage is not big enough. Designers often carry out the use of light, what kind of lamps, what kind of lamps are used. However, it is neglected that the lighting manufacturers often only consider the performance and aesthetics of their own LED lamps when designing the lamps, but they cannot consider the coordination and humanized design of the entire installation environment of the lighting. The designer asked for the request from the terminal, and the luminaire manufacturer assisted in the completion of the design work.
The lighting market is hot and messy
From the development history of the lighting industry, this industry can truly form a large-scale industrial development. In just 20 years, the entire industry is still in an immature stage, and all aspects need to be tested by the market. Lighting companies, designers, regulators, media communications, consumers, etc. are all important factors in their development and growth. Even though more and more people in China are now paying attention to lighting design, their understanding of lighting design is not very deep, and their understanding of lighting ends on the surface.
Yang? This said that the lighting design market can be said to be booming and getting better and better, but this market is still not mature enough and needs to continue to be nurtured. Many owners and other designers have insufficient knowledge of lighting design, leading to neglect or ignoring lighting design. If you can fully tap the market and develop customers, especially those who are not aware of the importance of lighting design, this is a huge and promising market resource.
Lack of independent lighting designer
The development of an industry requires special people to do it, and special research can be done. At present, the lighting industry's designer groups are not fixed. Many of them are designers from related majors, related fields or transfer-oriented. Domestic professional lectures and trainings are relatively few. They rely on self-study and continuous exploration, through their own understanding and practice. Go through some design related to lighting.
For this, experts and scholars in the industry have long felt that Du Yi, an associate professor and master tutor at the Academy of Fine Arts of Tsinghua University, expressed this view. He said that the market has begun to pay more attention to lighting design, and many excellent design solutions are Experts from different industries come together to form a team, each of which develops its own strengths and works together. This is a general trend in market development. But the status quo of China's lighting industry is: the lack of real professionals. Many people involved in lighting design are transferred from other aspects, such as marketing. The number of truly professional lighting designers is very small, and most of them are still at the technical level, which also seriously affects the development of the entire industry. Zheng Jianwei, director of the lighting design studio of the Beijing Architectural Design and Research Institute, also said that the independent lighting designers have a short history in the world. Since the 1950s, the lighting design has gradually separated from the industries of architecture and interior design to form a Separate industry. China started late, and now may not be able to call the industry with independent lighting design.
Therefore, this requires a process of exploration and development. It requires a large number of people who love the lighting industry to specialize in lighting design, make progress together, and contribute to the development of the industry.
Second, the development of lighting design at home and abroad
Although China is now known as the "world factory", it can produce a lot of products, but the good design is not reflected in the quantity, but in the quality and technical level. According to statistics, the current output value of the lighting industry accounts for about 10% of the total output value of the building decoration industry. Looking at the current domestic situation, most of the outdoor urban landscape lighting is done by lighting engineering companies, and most of the indoors are made by lighting sales parties. This situation often brings some disadvantages, such as the deviation of lighting design. Not designed according to actual needs. The situation abroad is different, and their lighting design is independent. In fact, professional lighting designers are for the owners to serve the decorating designers. They should consider what kind of effects should be, what grades of lamps should be used, and what characteristics should be used to ensure the lighting design. The level is improved. Therefore, the gaps at home and abroad have both technical reasons and current domestic institutional reasons.
The development of the foreign lighting design industry has been earlier than China for many years, so the market is relatively mature and stable. Compared with China, the lighting design in foreign countries is higher, the technology is more comprehensive, and the operation is more standardized, which guarantees the final design quality. Lighting design can be recognized and valued by many owners, architects and interior designers abroad. Therefore, lighting designers have reasonable voice and can be given enough respect, which ensures that the designers' ideas and opinions can be implemented and Implementation.
Overall, the prospects for China's lighting design industry are still very broad. Designers should learn and learn from them, find the root cause of practical problems, and combine the theory they have learned to shorten the gap from the root cause.
Third, the future development direction of China's lighting design
China's lighting design has undergone a process of “from scratch†and is currently in the process of “from good to goodâ€. In fact, there are still many good lighting design cases in China. Of course, some of them are not satisfactory. For example, some designs are not well handled in terms of intelligence and energy saving. Some illuminations are not in place, etc., but these are common. The problem is also a necessary process for the industry to mature. We need to look at and accept these issues with an inclusive attitude.
Lighting is an image project, which brings high social value and spiritual value. It is a repackaging of the carrier, an improvement of the image, and an attraction of investment. The development of China's lighting design is bound to move towards a mature, healthy and harmonious development direction, which is not inconsistent with the international environment, but also meets the needs of domestic development in line with China's national conditions. In this regard, Tang Guoqing proposed four trends in the development of lighting design:
Trend 1: Energy saving.
In terms of indoor lighting energy conservation, European and American countries attach importance to earlier. As early as the 1990s, the US Environmental Protection Agency launched Energy Star, a product energy-saving labeling system, to label products that meet the energy-saving standards with green five-pointed stars and to enter the US Environmental Protection Agency's catalogue for promotion. The promulgation of the US Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 significantly reduced energy consumption in the United States in May 2008, and further prompted the US DOE Department of Energy to encourage and promote the development of lighting manufacturers in the form of the Bright Tomorrow Lighting Prize (LPrize) competition. A more efficient and energy-efficient semiconductor lighting (LED) product to replace ordinary lighting products to achieve energy saving and environmental protection.
According to China's lighting electrical industry data customs import and export statistics, from January to August 2008, the total import and export of Chinese incandescent lamps was 2.1 billion. If you use energy-saving lighting instead, you can save about 162.498 billion kWh of electricity every year, and reduce carbon dioxide emissions by up to about 105.4 million tons! This is of great significance for improving our living environment and reducing the greenhouse effect.
Trend 2: Diversified functions.
1. High color rendering: Color rendering is the degree to which the light source appears to the color of the object itself, that is, the degree of color realisticity. The characterization parameter is the color rendering index. The higher the value, the better the color rendering of the light. At present, lamps with high color rendering index can generally reach more than 90, which are mainly suitable for lighting in kitchens, commodity counters, hospital operating tables, etc.
2. Intelligent: Selecting high-efficiency light source does not mean that it can produce energy-saving lamps. At present, through circuit design, lighting control is becoming more intelligent, mainly in: a) adjustable brightness: according to the actual application scenario To adjust the actual brightness required by the luminaire, for example, by adjusting the night, the brightness of the luminaire can be reduced. Since the glare is reduced, the energy saving effect can be achieved; b) the color is adjustable: some decorations in some shopping malls or homes can pass the color of the light. The transformation to enhance the artistic sense of space. In addition, in some scene lighting, or to control the change of the light with music, or to match the corresponding lighting in the atmosphere that needs to be created, attached to the lighting humanized design.
3. Flexible: Through the design of flexible metal light poles, etc., the lamps can be folded into any shape at will, which greatly enhances the artistic sense and gives people a refreshing feeling.
Trend 3: Light and thin.
The use of stereo illumination and gradation lighting is mainly to enhance the sense of space in the room, how to use the lighting effect reasonably, so as to maximize the sense of space and give a more comfortable feeling, which puts higher requirements on the size of the light source itself. Some traditional light sources, such as CCFLs, metal halide lamps, halogen lamps, etc. are all moving in a smaller size, but relatively speaking, the size miniaturization of conventional light sources such as halogen lamps is limited, and the advantages of LEDs in this respect are obvious. .
Trend 4: Environmental protection.
The European Union has introduced the "Regulations on the Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment", the RoHS Regulation, which requires that the newly placed EU market electrical and electronic products after July 1, 2006 shall not contain lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls or polybrominated biphenyls. Six harmful substances such as ether. This requires that in addition to reducing energy consumption and reducing carbon dioxide emissions, each component does not contain the above substances, making it truly environmentally friendly. The promulgation of the regulations can encourage manufacturers to produce environmentally friendly products and reduce the burden on the environment. It is also the mainstream trend in the development of the current lighting industry.
Fourth, lighting designers need to strengthen communication
In the current rapid development of lighting technology, customers' requirements for artistic performance are becoming more diverse. Although the designers themselves pay attention to the light environment, sometimes they are not experienced enough and need professional lighting designers to help them, so professional lighting designers play a big role. Domestic professional lighting designers are still growing. There are mature lighting designers in the United States and Europe. They assist each other with architects and interior designers. Therefore, lighting designers who have both the characteristics of lighting technology science and lighting art need to have an exercise process.
First of all, lighting designers should learn from architects and decorative designers well. Only by consolidating the knowledge of architecture and decoration can we create better lighting works and design solutions. Secondly, we must art, The combination of knowledge and culture has raised the level of lighting design in China to a new level. Third, in recent years, domestic lighting designers have often organized academic exchanges with internationally renowned designers to strengthen communication and exchanges. To become a top lighting designer, we must have a good attitude and international standards. While learning and learning, we must let foreign countries know about us and know that we are making continuous progress. This is also a need to lead the development of the industry. The process of learning and progressing from each other.
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