Working principle of electronic ballast for automobile high-intensity discharge lamp

Metal halide high-intensity gas discharge lamps, commonly known as HID, can be applied to many fields, especially in automotive lighting, which can effectively reduce accidents and thus benefit mankind. Existing low-voltage HID electronic controllers generally exist in old style, large size, There are many components, few use functions and protection functions, low safety and reliability, and inconvenient installation and use:

1) When it is used in installation or test, if the polarity of "+,-" is reversed accidentally, or the car in some parts of the world is positively grounded, it is easy to burn the wires in the car, which will catch fire and burn the controller seriously. , Because this product is equipped with a reverse protection circuit;

2) When the power supply or the vehicle is generating electricity, the voltage of the whole vehicle rises due to the instability of the voltage stabilizer tube or the reduction of the battery capacity, which is easy to burn. When the user stops the generator, but forgets to turn off the light, the battery is nearly exhausted and the voltage drops. Lack of sufficient voltage when the engine is started;

3) Due to the instantaneous output ignition voltage of up to 23KV at startup, when the light bulb is burned or damaged and cannot be lit, and the output wire is disconnected or damaged, and there is no light bulb installed, there will be a risk of flashover, which may cause fire in the car or People in the car were injured, and some users accidentally damaged the output line during installation and caused a short circuit, which would burn out and blow the fuse;

4) When the bulb starts to age or bulbs of different brands and there are obvious parameter errors, the bulb operation is unstable.

The purpose of this design is to provide an electronic controller for high-intensity discharge lamps that is easy to install and use, safe, reliable, and fully functional.

The technical solution (Figure 1) is: connect the booster, A / C converter and high-voltage ignition in sequence behind the DC power supply, the output of the high-pressure ignition is connected to the HID high-intensity gas discharge lamp, and the DC power supply and boost A reverse protection circuit is provided between the devices.

The electronic controller of the high-intensity gas discharge lamp further includes a control and protection module, which includes a switch tube, a pulse width modulator and an undervoltage overvoltage protection circuit. The switch is connected to the primary coil of the booster in series. The control end of the tube is connected to the output end of the pulse width modulator, the input end of the undervoltage overvoltage protection circuit is connected to the output end of the DC power supply for sampling, and the output end of the undervoltage overvoltage protection circuit is connected to the input end of the pulse width modulator .

The control and protection module also includes an open circuit short circuit protection circuit. The input terminal of the open circuit short circuit protection circuit is connected to the output terminal of the booster for sampling, and the output terminal of the open circuit short circuit protection circuit is connected to the input terminal of the pulse width modulator.
The control and protection module also includes a ballast tracking circuit. The ballast tracking circuit performs voltage sampling from the output of the booster and current sampling from the A / C converter. The output of the ballast tracking circuit is connected to the pulse width Modulator input.

And a filter network is provided between the DC power supply and the booster, and between the A / C converter and the high-voltage ignition, and the output end of the DC power supply is connected to the power supply indicating circuit.

This design has the following advantages:

But when the voltage drops, it will restart automatically. When the user stops the generator, but forgets to turn off the lights, and the battery is nearly exhausted, the voltage will be automatically cut off to ensure that the battery can save enough energy for the next start of the engine. Some uses When the light is turned on to start the generator, the starter motor suddenly consumes a lot of current, which causes the battery voltage to drop, and it will turn off the protection. When the generator starts, the voltage returns to normal, and the line will immediately return to normal work. .

When the light bulb is burnt out or damaged and cannot be lit, and the output wire is disconnected or damaged, and there is no light bulb installed, there is a risk of flashover, which may result in fire in the car or injuries to people in the car. Open circuit short circuit protection circuit, automatically cut off the power when open circuit, short circuit and leakage.

When the power is turned on, the LED automatically lights up. After the power is turned off, the LED turns off, which makes it more intuitive and convenient to use.

As shown in the circuit block diagram, this circuit includes a booster 2, an A / C converter 3, and a high-voltage ignition 4 connected in sequence behind the DC power supply 1. The output of the high-pressure ignition 4 is connected to a HID high-intensity discharge lamp 5. A reverse protection circuit 6 is also provided between the DC power supply 1 and the booster 2. The circuit of the utility model further includes a control protection module, which includes a switch tube 8, a pulse width modulator 9 and an undervoltage overvoltage protection circuit 10. The primary coil of the booster 2 is connected in series with a switch tube 8. The control terminal of the switch tube 8 is connected to the output terminal of the pulse width modulator 9, and the input terminal of the undervoltage overvoltage protection circuit 10 is connected to the DC power supply 1. Sampling at the output, the output of the undervoltage and overvoltage protection circuit 10 is connected to the input of the pulse width modulator 9, the control protection module also includes an open circuit short circuit protection circuit 7, the input terminal of the open circuit short circuit protection circuit 7 is connected to the booster 2 Sampling is performed on the output terminal, and the output terminal of the open-circuit short-circuit protection circuit 7 is connected to the input terminal of the pulse width modulator 9. The control and protection module further includes a ballast tracking circuit 12. Voltage sampling, current sampling from the A / C converter 3, the output of the ballast tracking circuit 12 is connected to the input of the pulse width modulator 9, the circuit also includes a power indicating circuit 13, the power indicating circuit 13 and DC power supply The output end of the power supply 1 is connected, and a filter network is provided between the DC power supply 1 and the booster 2 and between the A / C converter 3 and the high-voltage ignition 4.

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