Now that mobile phones are becoming more and more versatile, especially the development of mobile Internet, the progress of mobile phones is even more rapid. People's requirements for mobile phones are no longer limited to previous calls and text messages, and we have more and more requirements for mobile phones in terms of functions. In order to achieve different functions, current mobile phones need to install a lot of sensors, and how do these sensors work? This article introduces various sensors on mobile phones and demonstrates related functions.
The following is the sensor test in the Samsung Galaxy Note II engineering mode. We will introduce the various sensors in the mobile phone in this order.
Acceleration sensor (gravity sensor)
An acceleration sensor is an electronic device capable of measuring acceleration. In mobile phones, acceleration sensors can monitor the magnitude and direction of the acceleration received by the mobile phone. Acceleration sensor principle: using the piezoelectric effect, a piece of "gravity block" and piezoelectric crystal are made into a gravity sensor module. When the direction of the mobile phone changes, the force of the gravity block on the piezoelectric crystal in different directions also changes, and the output voltage The signals are different, so as to determine the direction of the phone. Gravity sensing is often used to automatically rotate the screen and some games, but it has a relatively large limitation, because he judges the direction according to gravity, and determines the horizontal direction by sensing the force component of the two directions orthogonal to gravity.
Distance sensor
Distance sensing is by emitting infrared light. When the object is close, the returned infrared light will be detected by the component, and then the distance of the object can be judged. Distance sensing is generally used to automatically turn off the screen after connecting the phone. Now most touch screen mobile phones will have this function. The popular "don't use a touch screen mobile phone with a big face" that is rumored on the Internet is obviously unreliable. In addition, some cell phone membranes will block the distance sensor and affect the work, so pay special attention.
In addition, distance sensing can also be applied to some special functions, such as the "Quick List" function in the Galaxy Note II
Barometric pressure sensor
The pressure sensor has already had relevant measurement before. The work of the air pressure sensor is through a thin film element that is sensitive to pressure. The film is connected to a flexible resistor. When the atmospheric pressure changes, it will cause a change in resistance. The function of the air pressure sensor is mainly used to detect atmospheric pressure, current altitude and assist GPS positioning.
Light sensor
The light sensor is composed of a light projector and a light receiver. The light projector focuses the light, transmits it to the light receiver, and finally receives an electrical signal through the sensor. The purpose of light sensor is to adjust the brightness of the mobile phone screen itself according to the ambient light.
Three-axis gyroscope
Regarding the three-axis gyroscope, the author has also introduced accordingly. It is a device used to measure angles and maintain direction, based on the principle of conservation of angular momentum. Let's take a look at the dynamic schematic of the gyroscope. The golden rotor in the middle is our "gyro". It will not be affected because of the inertial effect, and the three "steels" around it will be changed because of the device's attitude. Following the change, the current state of the device is detected in this way. And the axis where these three "steel rings" are located is the "three axis" in our three-axis gyroscope, namely the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis. The three-dimensional space enclosed by the three axes jointly detects various movements of the mobile phone. The main function of the gyroscope is that it can measure the angular velocity.
Magnetometer (electronic compass)
The electronic compass uses a magnetoresistive sensor to measure the planar geomagnetic field to detect the strength and direction of the magnetic field. It is similar to our common compass, the main role is to electronic compass, help GPS positioning and so on.
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