In Japan, due to the shutdown of nuclear power stations, fuel costs for thermal power generation have increased significantly. Therefore, since May 1, Kansai Electric Power Company and Kyushu Electric Power Company have increased electricity prices by 9.75% and 6.23%, respectively. The same is true of other power companies. Tokyo Electric Power Company raised prices in September last year, and Hokkaido Electric Power Company, Northeast Electric Power Company, and Shikoku Electric Power Company are also applying to the government for price increases. Judging from the fiscal year settlement results of the top 10 power companies in Japan released on April 30, except for Hokuriku Power Company and Okinawa Power Company, all 8 companies suffered losses.
Unfortunately, there are still no signs of improvement in the performance of power companies. The reason is that the full restart of the nuclear power plant is not yet in sight, and the depreciation of the yen has made natural gas import prices on the rise. However, in order to make up for the loss of the power industry, the practice of infinitely increasing electricity prices will not be allowed politically. While the Japanese government reorganized the Japan Atomic Energy Security Agency, it also stepped up strict scrutiny of raising electricity prices. Therefore, power companies began to make every effort to reduce fuel costs.
However, the power supply's efforts to reduce the cost of power generation by reducing fuel costs are also limited. In this way, only the power supply side and the demand side can join hands to work together to save energy with different ideas. In this process, it is essential that both parties work together to create "new market value" and achieve "commodity matching".
"New market value" and "commodity matching" these two concepts and Harvard University professor Michael? The "value chain" proposed by Porter is related. The concept of "value chain" is used to analyze the status of continuously accumulating added value in various processes such as purchasing logistics, manufacturing, logistics, marketing, sales, services, etc. of corporate activities. The value chain was originally used to improve the efficiency of an enterprise and to differentiate it from competitors. However, when analyzing the smart grid, it is important not to consider only one company, but to cooperate with partner companies. Build a value chain.
"Smart grid" can shorten the distance between power supply and demand
It is a new business that efficiently connects the power supply side and the demand side. Americans are good at establishing concepts for businesses that have not yet prototyped, and named the new business "smart grid."
The principle of the smart grid is to establish a power network following the communication method of the Internet to efficiently manage the power supply and demand relationship. Electricity will generate heat during the transmission process, so energy loss will occur, and in order not to cause power outages, it must also have sufficient generating capacity to meet demand during peak power consumption in midsummer. In short, the efficiency is very low.
It is the smart grid that is expected to improve this inefficiency. The "Grid" in the English word means the transmission and distribution network, which can be called the "electricity version of the Internet." The Internet connects the sender and receiver of information instantly, making information exchange more efficient. A router is a communication device that connects networks to each other. Its working principle is applied to the connection between energy supply and demand.
Specifically, the smart grid is an overall system that combines the following elements.
Change the electricity price according to the time period to ensure that the electricity during peak hours will not be too large.
Keep abreast of the power supply capacity of the power company and the power demand of enterprises and households, and efficiently match the two.
Optimize the path of power flow in the power grid to avoid losses due to increased burden on specific locations.
In order to reduce the operating cost burden, a mechanism (carbon credit) for obtaining benefits by reducing carbon dioxide emissions is adopted.
The smart grid not only reduces energy waste, but is also a mechanism that strives to create "new market value" in business and attract more companies to participate. In the process of realizing this mechanism, through cooperation among industries such as energy, home appliances and software, new industries are expected to form.
Cooperation between companies that have never been with each other before
In 2005, the American Power Industry Magazine introduced "smart grid", and the term was widely used. Since then, there has been a cooperative relationship between the companies that have never been with each other before. Enterprises such as energy, home appliances, homes, automobiles, and software joined hands through the "smart grid" and began an attempt to provide new market value to society. American GTMResearch said that as a smart grid-related business, it has already had new ideas across multiple fields.
The basis of the smart grid is "smart meters". Analog meters are now commonly used. The employees of the power company check the pointers of the meters installed in the home to confirm the power consumption, while the smart meters are digital.
Although it is impossible to measure the electricity consumption in various periods using an analog meter, if a digital meter is used, it can provide unprecedented energy-saving services, such as real-time control of electricity consumption and adjustment of electricity prices by period. Moreover, "demand response" can also be achieved, that is, to control the electricity consumption during the daytime when the electricity price is higher, and to use it at night when the electricity price is lower, or to dispatch the remaining electricity to places where the electricity is insufficient.
The US government has set the goal of installing smart meters in 26 million households in 2013. In the past, even in extremely sparsely populated areas such as deserts and pastures, employees of power companies had to go from house to house to read meters, but after installing smart meters, they could use the communication function to confirm power consumption. This also helps power companies save manpower.
In addition to smart meters, it is also expected to form some new markets, such as "grid optimization" like the Internet, "smart appliances" that support multiple energy-saving methods, and "V2H" that uses pure electric vehicle batteries as household batteries. (Vehicletohome), "smart house" that extends the principle of smart home appliances to the entire house, "smart house" that extends the same principle to commercial buildings, etc. The British Energy Research Institute and German Siemens predict that within a few years, the global market will grow from the current 3.5 trillion yen to 4 trillion yen.
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