This paper will provide a brief analysis of the current development and development trends of IoT, and propose the strategic transformation that operators need to deal with the new IoT business, mainly on the platform-side and service-side strategic transformation strategies.
IoT global trends
First, from M2M to IoT to the network society
M2M and IoT are generally referred to collectively as the "Internet of Things," but actually represent different meanings. M2M generally refers to connecting devices through various means of communication, so that devices can communicate with each other to realize remote data collection, control, and interaction. IoT is based on M2M and includes the Internet of Things big data, the Internet of Things ecosystem, the collaboration of the Internet of Things and other systems to form Thing's Internet, the so-called Internet of Things. The Network Society network society includes IoT, which includes people, including various social activities supported by extensive communication under the support of advanced communication technologies and Internet technologies, breaking the information of people, people and things, things and things. Barriers, the formation of new social forms and productivity of information efficient circulation and utilization.
From the current market development status, the Internet of Things is basically in the stage of transition from M2M to IoT. The transformation of IoT will bring revolutionary impacts to various fields of human society, such as Industry 4.0 and Internet+ proposed by industry and production, smart home wearable smart hardware in the field of life, and smart city intelligent transportation in the social field. And so on.
Second, IoT scene differentiation and aggregation
IoT is widely used in all walks of life, and the application scenarios are extremely rich and cannot be exhaustive. In terms of the application characteristics of the IoT, the future IoT application scenarios based on the WAN will mainly form the following three types: narrow-band mass application scenarios, high-bandwidth application scenarios, and key application scenarios. For different feature requirements of different IoT scenarios, operators should formulate different technical strategies and market strategies to meet them.
1. Narrowband mass application scenario
The narrow-band mass application scenarios are mainly IoT applications such as data collection and monitoring, such as meter reading, environmental monitoring, urban pipe network, asset management, disaster monitoring, and partial health monitoring. The main features of this type of application include:
(1) The amount of communication data is small, and the device uploads data to the platform.
(2) Less communication times, regular low-frequency data upload (sheet reading or timing status report) or event-triggered upload (alarm)
(3) The number of equipment is large, the distribution range is wide, and sometimes certain mobility is required, such as water environment monitoring, asset management, and human health monitoring.
(4) The deployment environment is special, such as being deployed in shafts, passages, basements, fields, etc., which is not easy to maintain.
(5) In the mobile network environment, the narrow-band mass application scenario is suitable for NB-IoT and eMTC technologies to meet the requirements of low-power maintenance-free, low-cost large-scale deployment, or other similar unlicensed band technologies such as Sigfox. Suitable for a wide range of IoT network coverage. In the case of non-mobile connections, short-range communication technologies such as Zigbee are used, and then connected to mobile or fixed WAN through the IoT gateway.
2. High bandwidth application scenario
High-bandwidth application scenarios mainly include, for example, mobile video surveillance, in-vehicle infotainment, and the like. It is mainly used for the transmission of video, audio and pictures, and has high requirements on bandwidth.
High-bandwidth application scenarios are suitable for use with LTE and 5G technologies. In non-mobile scenarios, connection technologies such as WIFI and fiber based on fixed-line broadband can be used.
3. Key application scenario
The key application scenarios refer to scenarios where reliability and timeliness are very high, and if reliability and timeliness occur, serious consequences will result. For example, remote control of large industrial equipment, remote driving, remote control of industrial robots, etc. Critical application scenarios have variable bandwidth requirements. It is possible to use only a small amount of bandwidth (device control), or it may require the use of extremely large bandwidth (remote operations via remote transmission of virtual reality, such as remote large industrial machinery operations and remote surgery). . The critical application scenarios require 5G networks to meet their high reliability, high real-time and high bandwidth requirements.
Third, IoT industry value chain system analysis
The IoT industry mainly includes the following links:
(1) Terminal layer: including sensor provider, communication module provider, chip provider, terminal intelligent device provider, etc.
(2) Network layer: including network equipment manufacturers and upstream suppliers, communication network operators.
(3) Platform layer: mainly includes IoT connection management platform providers and IoT enabled platform providers. The general enabling platform solutions include equipment management and data management capabilities. The Internet of Things connection management platform and the IoT business enablement platform are relatively independent, and the technology is not relevant. They can be deployed separately or together.
(4) Application layer: mainly for vertical industry application system integrators and service providers, IoT value-added service operators, and consumer-oriented IoT applications and service providers.
(5) Peripheral systems: Peripheral systems include cloud infrastructure, big data analysis systems, IoT security systems, and other systems that interact with resources and capabilities for IoT platforms and applications.
According to the analysis of the usual industry value chain, the IoT application and service level and the platform layer that provides support to the application layer (regardless of the surrounding system) represent great value, but the concentration is not high, the form is scattered, and the difficulty of acquisition is relatively large. The value of the network and terminal modules in the overall IoT industry is relatively small, but the industrial concentration is relatively high. The operator's Internet of Things strategy needs to balance the three factors of “concentration, scale, and valueâ€, and consider it in combination with its own advantages.
Operator opportunities, challenges and strategies
I. Opportunities and challenges
The rapid development of the Internet of Things has opened up huge market development opportunities for operators. At the same time, it has also raised a series of challenges, including: currently occupying more than 70% of the connections is non-mobile network connection, operators are difficult to obtain revenue, and unlicensed bands The rapid development of low-power wide-coverage technology (Sigfox, LoRa, etc.) has also put pressure on operators' IoT business growth. In addition, in the overall IoT value chain, the industrial connection degree of the communication connection part is better, but the proportion of the value is lower. How to ensure operators to maximize the value of the Internet of Things in the complex competitive situation has become a common challenge for operators around the world.
From the perspective of technology development, NB-IoT, as one of the important technologies in the field of low-power wide coverage (LPWA) Internet of Things, has attracted the attention of the entire communications industry and has become a key weapon for operators to compete in the Internet of Things market. At present, global operators including AT&T, Verizon, Orange and Vodafone have shown great interest in NB-IoT technology, and they plan to implement NB-IoT commercial in 2017. From the perspective of market demand, due to the rapid development of the industrial Internet, car networking, Internet +, smart cities, intelligent hardware and other fields. Technical factors and market factors will drive the development of the Internet of Things, and a window of opportunity has emerged. In addition, due to the mobilization of application scenarios, the proportion of Internet of Things connections undertaken by mobile networks will also increase. In such a large-scale development of the Internet of Things, operators are faced with unprecedented opportunities for extensive connectivity, and they are also faced with the challenge of grasping opportunities to achieve rapid business development.
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