LED has been in the automotive market for many years, but due to insufficient brightness and cost, it has not been generally accepted by the market. At present, it is mainly used in the middle and high-end car market, and the application of LEDs in foreign countries, especially Japanese cars, has been quite extensive.
According to the application, automotive LED lights can be divided into three types: lighting lights, light distribution lights and decorative lights. Light distribution lights are suitable for instrument indicator backlight display, front and rear turn lights, brake indicator lights, reversing lights, fog lights, reading Functional aspects such as lights. Decorative lights are mainly used for color transformation of car lights, which can beautify the inside and outside of the car.
In recent years, with the resolution of some automotive LED brightness problems and cost reduction, its application volume has increased. The most difficult to break through is the application of automotive lighting headlights that has only been initially applied in recent years, such as the Lexus top hybrid vehicles "LS600h" and "LS600hL" launched by Japanese automakers. Toyota is equipped with the world's first production car. White LED headlights. This LED headlight uses 5 high-power white LEDs, which can get the expected brightness and light distribution mode. Although there are factors that have to use multiple LEDs in order to improve the illuminance, the use of multiple LEDs not only improves the light utilization efficiency of white LEDs, but also brings power consumption control to the same level as HID headlights. advantage.
Compared with the traditional automotive incandescent lamp, automotive LED has many outstanding performance advantages, mainly manifested in the following aspects: first, long life. The lifespan of the LED lamp can theoretically reach 50,000 hours, and the actual life can also reach 20,000 hours. Generally, there is no need to replace during the life of the vehicle, and the life of the better incandescent bulbs for cars is 3000 hours to 5000 hours. Second, energy saving. LED lights can directly convert electrical energy into light energy, and the environmental protection and energy saving effect is good, while incandescent bulbs can only convert 12% -18% of electrical energy into light energy. For example, the tail light power of incandescent lamps is 21W, and the tail light power of LEDs is only 3W-5W; third, no delay. The start-up time of ordinary incandescent bulbs is generally between 100 ms and 300 ms, while the start-up time of LEDs is only a few tens of nanoseconds, which greatly shortens the start-up time. At the same time, LED car lights have the advantages of incandescent lamps with high light color selectivity, vibration and shock resistance, low heat, and strong environmental adaptability.
However, there are still many obstacles to the large-scale application of automotive LEDs, mainly manifested in:
1. Compared with incandescent light bulbs, the cost of applying LEDs remains high. Depending on the number and quality of LEDs used, the price is generally several to ten times that of similar incandescent light bulb products. Although high-power LEDs have already appeared, their cost is proportional to their power. The rate of decline in the production cost of automotive LEDs worldwide will be one of the main factors affecting the future large-scale application of automotive LEDs.
2. As the end consumers have higher and higher requirements on the appearance of car lights, and as the number of LEDs used in car lights is increasing, the probability of LED problems is increasing, so the performance and reliability of LED products are required. Higher and higher. At the same time, OEMs are increasingly demanding LED suppliers.
3. With the increasing scale of the automotive LED market, new suppliers will inevitably increase and competition will intensify, and the uneven quality of suppliers' products will inevitably affect the market reputation and thus affect the final consumption. demand. As long as the cost of LEDs drops to the same level as incandescent lamps, cars other than economy cars will use LEDs on a large scale.
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