The iPhone 7 Plus is not surprisingly equipped with a high-profile dual lens. At the press conference, Apple told us that the iPhone 7 Plus has a dual lens with 12 million pixels. The first lens is a standard iPhone lens. Larger to f/1.8, with a new 6-piece lens set, with optical anti-shake, and four-color LEDs provide a more realistic fill effect.
So far, this is the description of the first lens, this lens is the same as the main lens of the iPhone 7, but as you know, the iPhone 7 Plus has a second lens, this lens can provide 2 The optical zoom ratio of the double can provide a farther field of view and support digital zoom to 10 times, whereas the iPhone 7 without dual lens can only provide up to 5 times the digital zoom.
But Apple didn't tell you.
However, Apple did not tell us about the detailed mechanism of dual-lens operation. Below, we will use Q&A to help you better understand the principle of the iPhone 7 Plus dual lens.
The dual-lens configuration of the iPhone 7 Plus has twice the main lens on the left and a double optical zoom lens on the right.
Q1: Is the physical focal length of the second lens really double?
A: No; as always, Apple will not make more ink on various specifications. In addition to providing the aperture value of f/1.8, Apple’s official value will not be marked for the focal length of the two lenses. Presumably, the first lens has an equivalent focal length of 28mm, and the second one is equivalent to 56mm. However, from the EXIF ​​information, the solid focal length of the first lens is 4mm, and the focal length conversion rate is 7x, so the equivalent focal length is 28mm, but the solid focal length of the second lens is not twice that of the first lens (8mm), but 6.6mm.
So why is the second lens still providing 2x zoom ratio? If you want to achieve twice the equivalent focal field of view, the focal length conversion rate will be 56mm / 6.6mm = 8.485x, the focal length conversion rate is larger than the first lens, what does this mean? This means that the photosensitive components behind the two lenses are not the same size, and the second photosensitive component is smaller. Therefore, it can be proved that the second lens photosensitive component is small and the solid focal length is not twice that of the first lens.
In addition to the small photosensitive components, from the EXIF ​​information and Apple's official data, the aperture of the second lens is smaller, f / 2.8. What Apple didn't tell us was that the second lens was not equipped with OpTIcalimage StabilizaTIon.
The second lens does provide twice the zoom ratio, but the focal length is not twice that of the first lens.
Q2: The aperture is small and the photosensitive components are small. What effect does this have?
A: The picture quality may have an effect (in low light conditions); the second lens aperture value is f/2.8, which is about 1.3 EV less than the f/1.8 of the first main lens, which means that the amount of light entering is about The first lens is nearly 1.3 times smaller and the photosensitive component is smaller, which means that the second lens may be worse than the first one in terms of noise and image quality. Of course, this is an inference under the general general rule, and the actual situation still needs to be adjusted according to the software.
In general, the telescope lens is mostly larger, but this is not the case on the iPhone 7 Plus. We will explain it later in the future.
Q3: So, can the lens of the telephoto capture a shallower depth of field?
A: depending on the shooting situation, the depth of field is not necessarily shallower. The three elements are: solid focal length, aperture size, and subject distance. The longer the solid focal length, the shallower the depth of field, the larger the aperture, the shallower the depth of field, the closer the subject is, the shallower the depth of field. Assume that the two lenses of the iPhone 7 plus are applied by these three points, and the subject distance (shooting distance) is fixed:
The first lens: focal length 4mm aperture f / 1.8 second lens: focal length 6.6mm aperture f / 2.8
Did you notice?
Although the second lens is a telephoto focal length, the aperture is small, and the shallow depth of field performance is not necessarily better than the first lens. If the subject distance is included, the two lenses are under the same composition. Shooting closer with the first lens is more likely to achieve a shallower depth of field than the second lens. The conclusion is that the second lens is not as good as we imagined in the construction of shallow depth of field. But before the end of the year, Apple officially will release the "depth of field effect" update of the 2x lens, using the simulation operation to virtualize the depth of field effect of the monocular camera. This function will also improve the shallow depth of field performance of the 2x lens.
However, why should we use 4mm of "solid focal length" instead of 28mm of "equivalent focal length"? Because the solid focal length is related to the true optical performance, the equivalent focal length will have different cutting magnification depending on the size of the photosensitive component, so in the optical calculation, only the solid focal length can be used to calculate.
Use a double main lens to create a shallow depth of field with close shooting distance. (Photographed by iPhone 7 Plus)
Q4: So, what is the advantage of the second lens?
A: Outdoor shooting is better for smaller apertures, smaller photosensitive components, and no optical anti-shake. .. .. So what is the advantage of the second lens? Compared to the iPhone 7 without a dual lens, the second lens of the iPhone 7 Plus offers 2x optical zoom and a digital zoom of up to 10x. However, in the actual measurement, the second lens is still superior in image quality.
We stand in the same position, use the 1x main lens and the 2x second lens to shoot once, and then draw the original image of the same size, you can see that the second lens is twice the size of the first lens. The quality is much better.
After knowing the characteristics of the iPhone 7 Plus dual lens, let's discuss further issues. Let me start by saying:
Dual lens, it is not that you will operate on the iPhone7 Plus operation interface when you cut it to 2x. There is a 1x, 2x button. When pressed, the camera will cut to 2x zoom, and if you use the turntable, you can provide the farthest. Digital zoom to 10x. But in fact, when you press the 2x button, the iPhone 7 Plus does not necessarily shoot with the second lens.
If you have an iPhone 7 Plus on hand, try using your finger to cover the second lens (near the flash), framing the object within 30cm, then switch to 2x to take a look, the phone can be shot right? But did you clearly cover the second shot? At this time, the photos you took were not taken by the second 2x lens, but were taken after the first lens was taken and processed.
Q5: When I press 2x under what conditions, is it really shooting with the second lens?
A: There are two main restrictions: According to our actual measurement and discussion with the camera editor of the friend station, this second lens needs certain conditions to start:
The light source should be far enough away
Through the above simple cover lens method, the iPhone 7 Plus needs to be far enough away, and the second lens will be activated when the shooting distance is about 50-100cm. In addition to being far enough away, the light source is sufficient to be the first condition, and the second lens will not be activated no matter how far in a dim environment.
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