Circuit Function
It is common practice to use a rechargeable CR timer for short durations, typically within a few minutes. However, as the desired timing duration increases, both the resistor and capacitor values need to be increased. Unfortunately, this approach has practical limitations. A more efficient solution is to incorporate an internal frequency divider. By using a multi-stage frequency divider, the output of the clock oscillator can achieve long-term timing. Additionally, CMOS devices are employed to minimize power consumption.
Circuit Working Principle
The TC9160 comprises an oscillating circuit and a 20-bit ground counter. The maximum timing capability is one hour, with an approximate oscillation frequency of 1 kHz. The oscillation frequency FOSC of the 60-minute timer can be calculated using the following formula:
The resistance of the timing resistor must exceed 200KΩ. Given the constraint C2 ≤ 1/2.2FOSC × RT, if C2 is 1800pF, then RT should be 216.76Ω. To achieve this resistance value, a 180KΩ fixed resistor and a 50KΩ variable resistor can be connected in series. The output is of the open-drain type, with OUT1~4 being divided into four segments of 60 minutes each. Once the timing period ends, the oscillation ceases, consuming only about 1μA of current.
This design provides a reliable and energy-efficient solution for long-duration timing applications. The TC9160's architecture ensures precise timing while minimizing power usage, making it ideal for battery-operated systems. Additionally, the flexibility provided by the adjustable resistor allows for fine-tuning of the timing parameters to meet specific application requirements.
For those looking to implement this circuit, it’s important to consider the environmental conditions and potential interference that could affect the timing accuracy. Shielding and proper grounding techniques should be applied to ensure optimal performance. Furthermore, selecting high-quality components like the AVX tantalum capacitor and the industrial-grade router crystal will contribute to the overall reliability and longevity of the system.
In conclusion, integrating a frequency divider into the timing circuit offers significant advantages over traditional methods. Not only does it enable longer timing periods, but it also reduces the burden on the power supply. Whether you’re designing a consumer product or an industrial device, leveraging advanced timing solutions like the TC9160 can provide a competitive edge in terms of functionality and efficiency.
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