LED is a rational science, and lighting designers give it a sense. For the classic landscape lighting project, the LED industry is concerned with science, the public appreciates aesthetics, and the lighting designer is responsible for combining the two. We sometimes admire the designer's whimsy, sometimes surprised by the beauty of the radiance, and even the emotions conveyed by the lights. How does the LED, a small chip, shine through the lighting designer? What are the lighting designers' standards for beauty, thinking about energy conservation, and understanding of the city? China Semiconductor Lighting Network had the opportunity to interview Dr. Yuan Zongnan, Design Director of Yuan Zongnan Lighting Design Office.
The most satisfying work to date
Before Dr. Yuan answered this question, Xiao Bian envisioned various answers. However, Dr. Yuan simply answered the "Xi'an Big Wild Goose Pagoda", which is inconsistent with my expectations. After listening to the introduction, I realized that the lighting design of Xi'an Big Wild Goose Pagoda perfectly explained the concept of Dr. Yuan's lighting economics.
“In 2003, in order to develop tourism in Xi'an, the government opened the Xi'an Big Wild Goose Pagoda Project. At the beginning of the year, there were more than 2,000 households in the North Square. The government plans to allocate 50,000 yuan to each household for resettlement fees. So we made a suggestion, can we 2,000 shops were built around them to give them priority. We designed the lights of the Big Wild Goose Pagoda to light up for 10 minutes per hour, which not only controls the lighting time, but also increases the visibility of the lighting performance. A light show will wait for coffee in front of the shops around the square. It is better to be fish than to fish, so that it can better solve the way out for those residents and thrive on local business opportunities. The original idea, the final discovery is quite successful."
It is not difficult to see that in Dr. Yuan's thinking, lighting design does not exist alone. It must not only be in harmony with the environment, but also consider aesthetics, environmental protection, culture, and economic efficiency. Of course, all of this comes from the humanistic care of the place.
Classic case in the eyes of Dr. Yuan
“The first is Chanel in Ginza, Tokyo, Japan, which won the international lighting designer award in 2005.†The 10-storey building exterior of the Chanel Ginza store, through multi-layered stainless steel, liquid crystal glass, and Hundreds of thousands of LEDs embedded in the back of the brown glass interpret the classic elements of Chanel, such as tweed, plaid, and double C Logo. It is introverted and low-key through the contrast of black and white, but it does not reduce the elegance and fashion, fully explaining the brand connotation of Chanel.
“When the American lighting designer surveyed, it was discovered that the Ginza building was brighter than a building. So they decided to adopt the idea that “everyone is bright and my own.†They abandoned the bright colors of LEDs, only black and white. The color is also because the color of the LED is not very stable at the time. They redo the wall of the building and hide the LED in the dark brown glass, which can't be seen during the day. At night, the LED will create a classic Chanel totem. And the autumn maple leaves are snowing in winter, and it can also show the stage of the catwalk. In the eyes of tourists, the Ginza is very bright, but the building is very dark; other buildings are quiet, this building is moving, and only black and white Two colors, the classic feeling is very strong, and has since established Chanel's position in fashion luxury, especially in Japan."
“The second is the 101 building in Taipei. The 101 building was designed by architect Li Zuyuan. It is the only traditional Chinese architectural vocabulary building in the world. The design of the building is a good sign for the 'eight' (harmony is hair). Every eight floors have an 'eight', written in reverse, just like an eyebrow, meaning 'send it'."
“The original idea was to brighten the 101 building, but 90% of the light would go to the sky, and Taipei would not even see the stars. Such a tall building, so many people can see, can we let Do they see light damage? So we suggested to Li Zuyuan that we can express the auspicious vocabulary of 'eight' in the evening and pass it out. With the seven colors of the rainbow as the theme, change one color every day, so that everyone does not have to look Table, look at the color, you know it is a few weeks, and use energy-saving LEDs to do it. Unexpectedly, it eventually caused a global upsurge in the meaning of Chinese architectural vocabulary."
Is the bright night a feat of lighting designers or sad?
Dr. Yuan once had a joke. "My son asked: 'Where is the star'? Dad replied: 'The orangutan' is in the zoo." This is the best description of the modern city night sky. People constantly change the nature, the light replaces the starlight, and the night sky also brings light pollution. Dr. Yuan believes that unreasonable lighting is a waste of the originally scarce earth resources, and 90% of outdoor light sources are diffused into the sky. Fortunately, LEDs appear in a timely manner, but although LEDs are energy-saving, they also have very strong directivity. If they are used excessively, they will become light pollution.
“There are more and more glass office buildings in the city. Many of the glass buildings will find dead birds. Why? Because the lights in the building are too bright, the birds think that it is early in the morning, the glass is reflective, and it will go up if you can’t see clearly. Hit. There is a financial district in Toronto. In just three months, more than 1,000 birds have been smashed, and more than 80 of them have disappeared. Isn't this the destruction of nature by humans?"
"Lighting is not brighter and more beautiful. Like a beautiful woman, a little powdery powder has already played a beautiful role. If too much powder is applied, it has been done. Just right is beauty."
Lighting designer's standard for beauty
Dr. Yuan believes that the economic level determines the public's pursuit of beauty, but with the development of society, it is natural to return to the truth, in order to find the true meaning of beauty.
“Twenty years ago, everything was done by architects. After 20 years, interior designers appeared, and the social division of labor became more and more detailed. The birth of lighting designers symbolized the beginning of the building into refined design. Just like eating At the beginning, the society demanded that it was full, and did not pay attention to quality. When the economic level developed to a certain extent, it began to pay attention to color and flavor. When it came to the state banquet, it also thought of lighting and background music. This is the process of design progress. If the lighting design is only for the sake of Bright, then stay in the initial stage."
"Japan, Europe, and the United States have all experienced this stage of light, such as Las Vegas. But they found out that there was no smoke in the end, destroying the economy, and then began to reduce the lights. They started from the original church, the church The combination of lighting design and the environment and aesthetics can make all the wealthy people mentally precipitated. In fact, the essence of this is to put everything in silence, not outbreak."
"In ancient China, there were only candles, but the beauty of the craft of candles was more beautiful than that of modern lamps, and there was also a feeling of spirituality. This is what I want to say: the extremes of things must be reversed, and the truth can be obtained in order to achieve the essence of aesthetics. The same is true for lighting. On the contrary, the blindness of the light violates the laws of nature itself, and people become night action objects. It is not beautiful to violate the laws of nature.
Life and color cast are two major problems with LED
The industry has many comments on LEDs, but how many people will have doubts about "only in this mountain." As a direct application of LED light source, lighting designers can have a new interpretation of LEDs from the perspective of the industry. Dr. Yuan believes that life and color cast are the two biggest problems of LED.
"LEDs have a long life, but they are only indoors. If you really get an outdoor environment, you will easily have various problems: in Harbin at minus 10 degrees, LEDs will not start; in the equator, the hot weather will make LEDs have serious heat dissipation problems. LED life can not be guaranteed, this is the biggest problem. LED can reach 20,000 hours indoors, but in different environments, it needs to be both heat and waterproof, and the two are contradictory to some extent, these are all right The life of LEDs presents a challenge."
"The second biggest problem is that the color shift of the LED is very serious. For example, the strip LED of 2700K is selected. After one year, there may be several bars that become 3000K, two years later, it becomes 4000K, and three years is 5000K. The color shift is very serious. It seems that there are white and yellow, cold and warm, so there is no way to compare with fluorescent tubes."
Dr. Yuan also made recommendations on the design of LED lamps. He believes that LED lamps should be combined with traditional lighting to match each other. If you just put the LED inside the traditional luminaire and directly replace the original light source, this is not a success.
"It should be considered that LED is a golden opportunity for centuries. It is the third light source revolution. The structure of the luminaire needs to be rethought, in line with the characteristics of the third generation of light source, instead of directly replacing it, replacing the previous light source, and using the previous luminaire. Because the previous luminaire is in line with the old light source, it meets the requirements of its heat dissipation and light distribution curve. However, the LED light source is completely different from the traditional light source, so now the problem of LED should adjust the heat dissipation mode of the luminaire so that it does not have LED Conflict, this is a long-term solution."
How to train lighting designers?
The cross-discipline of LED and lighting design is rare in China. Xiaobian asked Dr. Yuan to combine his educational background and successful experience to talk about the cultivation of lighting designers, especially LED lighting designers. However, Dr. Yuan said modestly that there are many seniors in the industry who can't talk about excellence. They can only talk about their own views on lighting designer education.
“The lighting industry is an emerging industry. Before, LEDs were just the indicators for computers and other devices. As its brightness increased, it began to be used for other things. Slowly found that it can be used for lighting, suddenly lighting is LED Occupy. But the aesthetics of LED is not so strong, LED has been pursuing efficiency, that is, the lumens per watt, this indicator is useful for streetlights, tunnel lights, floodlights, but only plays 20%. But for The mastery of the atmosphere, the significance of this indicator is equal to zero. This time you need to design help expressions, such as architects, industrial designers, outdoor designers, interior designers, etc., everyone pay attention to this topic, let it achieve every link. After all, the invention of LED is a contribution to the whole humanity. Its use needs to be through the designer, not to express the concept of light, but to express the atmosphere. Therefore, the LED industry and the architects, especially the lighting designers, can have a good With it, it is possible to make a boutique, or else it will always be bright."
“In our educational background, lighting designers are left in physics. For example, the photoelectric department of Fudan University, but rarely put it in the architecture of Tongji University. Because it used to be color science, three The base color is red, yellow and blue, just like the color, it is blacker and darker; but the optics is just the opposite. The three kinds of light, red, green and blue, will be like a projector, and the more they will be whiter. The two principles are contradictory, color and lighting. It should be studied together, so now the design and learning of major universities emphasizes the color and lighting laboratory. So we should not throw the optics only to the physics, we must introduce the concept of aesthetics, because we have reached the level of wealth, eat at the restaurant to emphasize It’s the atmosphere."
Although there are not many domestic lighting designers, Dr. Yuan is confident in the development of this industry. He pointed out that mainland China has the broadest market and there are many projects that can be explored. Therefore, the level of domestic lighting designers can certainly be improved and create very classic works. But at the same time he also pointed out that this will not be a one-step thing.
“Europe and Japan’s lighting has evolved over the past decades after World War II, accumulating experience of failure and success. We may also need two or three decades. But education is a hundred-year plan, and students must know that aesthetics and technology are in The proportion that LEDs may have in order to change the old thinking."
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